Sistema agroflorestal no bioma Caatinga: caracterização de gramíneas forrageiras e índices de vegetação no visível

Abstract

Knowledge about the response of the forage plant to the agroforestry system is one of the requirements for achieving success in the system, in order to make it efficient and sustainable. In this sense, the choice of species is extremely important, since the forages must be productive, tolerant to shade, adapted to intercropping with agricultural crops and adapted to the soil and climate conditions of the implantation site. Remote sensing is a promising tool for estimating and determining various biophysical and chemical characteristics in pastures, such as forage mass and leaf area index. Current grass in an agroforestry system in the Caatinga biome, as well as evaluating the performance of three vegetation indices in estimating Dry Mass (MS), Natural Mass (MN) and Leaf Area Index (LAI). The treatments consisted of four agroforestry systems: 1) current grass/buffel + beans + Caatinga vegetation; 2) current/buffel grass + cotton + Caatinga vegetation; 3) current/buffel grass + corn + Caatinga vegetation; 4) current/buffel grass + Caatinga vegetation. The three vegetation indices evaluated were the GLI, NGRDI and VARI indices. The number of tillers, expanded leaves, expanding leaves, senescent leaves, pseudostem length, expanded and expanding blade length, plant height, Leaf Area Index (LAI) and morphogenic characteristics were evaluated. To evaluate the performance of vegetation indices, correlation analysis was performed between the indices and the measurements obtained in situ from MS, MN and LAI. The experimental design used was in randomized blocks, with three replications and four treatments, consisting of four plots per block, totaling 12 plots. It was observed that the buffel and current grasses presented different responses in each agroforestry system for the structural characteristics. Agroforestry systems did not influence morphogenic characteristics. The vegetation indices obtained very satisfactory results in all agroforestry systems Both forage plants are recommended and indicated in the agroforestry system in the Caatinga biome, integrating bean, corn and cotton crops and the indices are indicated for estimating biomass and vegetative parameters in agroforestry systems in the Caatinga biome.