Geotecnologias para identificação de áreas sujeitas a enchentes na bacia do rio Una, Pernambuco

Abstract

Introduction: Climate change causes extreme water events, such as floods. Watersheds may be more susceptible to the occurrence of these events depending on their climatic, hydrological, geological, morphometric and anthropic characteristics. To identify the factors that influence the susceptibility of the basins, geoprocessing tools can be used. Objective: In view of this, the present work proposes to analyze, through the determination of morphometric parameters, the susceptibility to the occurrence of floods in the hydrographic basin of the river Una, located in the state of Pernambuco, Brazil. Methodology: It is intended to use the QGis software version 3.16, in addition to numerical equations, to determine the geometric, drainage and relief parameters and perform the characterization of each sub-basin of the Una river basin. Results: It was observed that the basin has medium to high susceptibility to flooding, and this result is influenced by all morphometric parameters of each sub-basin. Conclusion: With the general analysis, it was observed that 40% of the total sub-basins have high susceptibility to flooding. While 50% of the total sub-basins have medium probability and 10% of the total have low susceptibility to flooding. Sub-basin 8 has the lowest flood susceptibility index, while sub-basin 7 has the highest index, 2.87 and 8.79, respectively.