Transporte e interação do Imazapic em um argissolo amarelo sob adição de biocarvão

Abstract

The expansion of the sugarcane agro-industrial sector has intensified the use of pesticides in order to inhibit the action of pests, diseases and weeds in agricultural species. In view of this scenario, the use of the herbicide Imazapic in the cultivation of sugarcane for the control of purple nutsedge (Cyperus rotundus L.) has caused environmental impacts due to its solubility in water and high half-life, thus enhancing its leaching. As an effect of the interaction and mobility of the contaminants, there is the contamination of the soil, surface and underground water, in addition to the harm attributed to human health. The present work aimed to evaluate the transport and interaction of Imazapic in a dystrophic Yellow Ultisol under the addition of biochar at the ideal depth of action of the molecule, which for this study will be the 0-20 cm layer. Tests of the interaction and mobility of the Imazapic molecule were carried out in soil columns with the addition of biochar from sugarcane bagasse, obtained at a temperature of 500 ºC (BC500). Then, the use of mathematical models of Convection-Dispersion (CDE) and Convection-Dispersion at two sorption sites (CDE-2S) using the CXTFIT 2.0 program. The high solubility of Imazapic (2,200 mg L-1) associated with the low clay and organic matter content in sandy soils, is a factor that results in the high mobility of this molecule and even with the increase in the organic matter, content due to the soil amendment by biochar, the adsorption of Imazapic was low.