Fertilização de cobertura em plantio de eucalipto em área de déficit hídrico na Zona da Mata Norte de Pernambuco

Abstract

Brazil is one of the countries that has been done invests in planting the Eucalyptus genus, which is adapted to the soil and climate conditions of Brazilian regions. There are countless products from planted eucalyptus forests, among them: firewood, charcoal, wood, cellulose, paper, and others. Profitability and forest productivity are closely integrated, in this way, good yields are obtained when adequate silvicultural practices are combined with well-selected genotypes for the region and well-planned nutritional management. Fertility defines the soil's ability to supply nutrients to plants in adequate amounts and proportions to obtain high yields and can be easily modified by man, to adapt to the requirements of the cultivated species, thus, the quantification of existing nutrients in the soil. Soil is essential for efficient, rational and economic use through fertilization. In the state of Pernambuco, mainly in Agreste and Sertão, despite a great demand for wood for various uses, wood production is limited due to rainfall restrictions. Therefore, the objective of this research was to analyze the development of the VM-01 clone (Eucalyptus urophylla x Eucalyptus camaldulensis), subjected to different levels of mineral fertilization with the addition of boron, aiming at greater tolerance to water deficit in a region of low rainfall. Data collection was carried out in an experimental area at Fazenda Lagoa Grande, in the municipality of Glória do Goitá - PE. In the planted area, some activities were carried out, among them: soil analysis; combat the leaf-cutting ant; soil correction; soil preparation; weed control competition; cover and planting fertilization. In the area, planting was carried out manually, in May 2018. The experiment consisted of eight treatments and four replications, with different doses of NPK, with and without addition of B. Measurements of CBH and height were carried out in the clones, in addition to obtaining the volume, average annual increment and survival index. Through the statistical analysis no difference was observed among the treatments at the level of 5% of probability, indicating that productivity in the experimental area is not limited by nutritional factors, but by soil and climate conditions. During the research period, the irregular rainfall distribution caused water stress in the clones, due to the severe drought. Although it was not observed the best level of NPK fertilization with or without boron addition, it was possible to observe the resilience of clone VM-01 (Eucalyptus urophylla x Eucalyptus camaldulensis) in adaptation and resistance to water deficit in the region where the experiment.