Taxonomia de phyllantaceae na mata atlântica nordestina, Brasil

Abstract

Phyllanthaceae Martinov. gathers about 60 genera and 2,000 species, distributed in all tropics. It can be recognized by the absence of latex, diclin flowers, usually with disc, 3-4-carpellar, 3-4-locular, bi-ovulated loculi, capsular fruits and ecarunculated seeds. In Brazil, 14 genera and approximately 120 species are registered, of which nine genera and 54 species are registered for the Northeast, found mainly in Cerrados, Caatingas, Campos rupestres and Mata Atlântica. However, the greatest diversity is registered for the Atlantic Forest (60 spp.) And the Amazon (52 spp.). Considering the representativeness of the family, the objective of this study was to carry out the taxonomic treatment of Phyllanthaceae species occurring in the Atlantic Forest of Northeast Brazil, as well as to update morphological data, of geographic distribution and to determine the conservation status. Materials from the herbaria AJU, ALCB, ASE, CEPEC, CESJ, EAC, EAN, HDELTA, HST, HUEFS, HUESB, HURB, ICN, IPA, JPB, MAC, MBML, PEUFR, RB, RN, TEBP, UFP and UFRN were analyzed , as well as, carried out collection expeditions, prioritizing places with rare and endemic species in the region and the subsampled places. The identifications were made based on a specialized bibliography for genera, standard materials and protologues. Thirty-six species were found, belonging to seven genera: Amanoa Aubl. (1 species), Astrocasia B.L.Rob. & Millsp. (1), Discocarpus Klotzsch (1), Hieronyma Allemão (2), Margaritaria L.f. (1), Phyllanthus L. (29), and Richeria Vahl (1), including the two new species, P. itamarajuensis Marques-Torres & M.J Silva and P. tuberculatus Marques-Torres & M.J Silva, described for the Southern Atlantic Forest of Bahia . Among the 36 species, three are new records for the Northeast region, seven are new records for Alagoas, two for Rio Grande do Norte, four for Paraíba and six for Sergipe. Nineteen species endemic to Brazil were registered, of these, ten are endemic to the Northeast and eight are exclusive to the Atlantic Forest of the Northeast. Additionally, six lectotypifications have been proposed for the valid binomials: Flueggea schuechiana (Müll. Arg.) G.L. Webster, Phyllanthus avicularis Müll. Arg., P. bahiensis Müll. Arg., P. lindbergii Müll. Arg., P. minutulus Müll. Arg., And P. poeppigianus (Müll. Arg.) Müll. Arg.