O atual cenário comercial das cooperativas da agricultura familiar do estado de Alagoas: impacto das políticas públicas no intervalo (2003 /2020)

Abstract

The cooperative movement arrived in Brazil in 1889 through the agricultural sector, and developed in the rural environment of southern Brazil from 1906. In Alagoas, it arrived in 1956 through the establishment of the Pindorama Cooperative, in order to develop the quality of life in the countryside and avoid the rural exodus. However, the commercialization of family farming production has been a major challenge for cooperatives in this productive follow-up. In this respect, the study aims to analyze the current commercial scenario of the family farming cooperatives of the State of Alagoas with a view to identifying obstacles and opportunities in the economic evolution in relation to the accessed markets. To this end, a descriptive exploratory research was developed, of a qualitative nature, where data was collected through a survey questionnaire and semi-structured interview, to analyze the evolution of cooperativism, the main commercial markets and the obstacles, advances and perspectives. As a result, it was possible to observe a marked evolution in the creation of family farming cooperatives after the implementation of marketing policies, above all, with the implementation of the Food Acquisition Program (PAA) in 2003 and the National School Feeding Program (PNAE) in 2009, these policies being the main commercial markets of cooperatives. Access to the conventional market is already linked to the organizational level of the cooperative and to the degree of processing and industrialization of the products. Thus, the main marketing channels of the cooperatives are the PAA and PNAE; vegetables, fruit and tubers are the main products of cooperatives; the main competitors are Community associations, multinationals and popular product companies; factors such as the level of education of the management and operational body of the cooperative, intercooperation and industrialization contribute positively to the access of new commercial markets, since the lack of a greater organizational capacity contribute negatively.