Custos e viabilidade econômico-financeira do cultivo de pitaia em Pernambuco

Abstract

The significant increase in demand for exotic fruits in recent years is highlighted in Brazil, and one of the expanding possibilities in the exotic fruit market in the country is pitaya (Hylocereus sp.). Although there has also been an increase in the trend of research on this fruit in recent years, there is little literature on the economic and financial feasibility of growing the fruit in the Brazilian market. With this, the general objective of the research was to identify the cost and revenue elements of pitaya production, analyze the economic and financial viability and the risk involved in the cultivation of cactus in three cultivation systems in the state of Pernambuco. Data collection to estimate expenditures and revenues was carried out through direct observation on the rural property with the producer. The methodology used in the research to calculate the costs was that of fixed and variable costs and, for the economic-financial evaluation, a survey of production costs, revenue, gross and net margin was carried out, in addition to the calculation of indicators such as NPV, IRR and Payback, with a time horizon of 10 years. For the risk analysis, pessimistic and optimistic scenarios were adopted, in relation to variations in revenues and Minimum Rates of Attractiveness. The economic-financial analysis indicated that the cultivation of pitaya is viable under the conditions studied. The sensitivity analysis showed that in the pessimistic scenario, there is a possibility of cultivation being unfeasible due to the negative NPV in the three cultivation systems. However, the risk analysis indicated that in systems B and C there is a low probability of the evaluated projects being unfeasible due to the negative Net Present Value.