Proposta de uma matriz semântica sobre alimentação para a análise de processos de tomada de consciência de licenciandos em abordagem com base na teoria da atividade

Abstract

This thesis had as objectives: to elaborate a semantic matrix on feeding from semantic themes, categories, and taking into account some epistemological, ontological and axiological commitments; analyze a sequence of activities from the elements of the activity applying the proposed semantic matrix in order to evaluate how it allow the students to take awareness on the theme; and investigate the process of awareness experienced by students from different ways of thinking and speaking that they expressed on the theme of food. The elaboration of the semantic matrix was performed from a genetic investigation on feeding considering the ontogenetic, sociogenetic and microgenetic domains proposed by Vygotsky (Wertsch, 1985) and the identification of some epistemological, ontological, and axiological commitments involved in these ideas on the subject. For theoretical discussion on the taking awareness process, ideas on this process presented in the theory of conceptual profiles (Mortimer; El-Hani, 2014) and addressed by Leontiev (1978) from the Theory of Activity. The research was qualitative in nature, organized in stages that include a literature review on historical aspects, formal and unformal conceptions on the subject, and the proposition of a sequence of activities that was applied in a Chemistry teachers formation class of a public university. The discursive interactions framework proposed by Mortimer and Scott (2002) was applied to analyze discourse produced by the students. Analysis on the relationships between the elements of the activity evidenced an individual and collective character of the process of taking awareness, considering that activities provide conditions and means to start the conceptualization process which is oriented towards the awareness. The results suggest that the process of taking awareness experienced by students on the theme of feeding can be related to a learning path in which more complex logical procedures are used, to the appropriation of a discourse on the theme that expands the ways of thinking beyond exclusively scientific ideas, considering other aspects that allow to perceive feeding from a global and holistic point of view.