Rendimento e estabilidade físico-química de mucilagem de clones de palma forrageira obtida de diferentes condições agronômicas

Abstract

Recent studies are showing that by-products of forage palm have been applied in the food, pharmaceutical and cosmetics industry. In the food industry, palm mucilage had shown promise as an edible coating component in whole strawberries and kiwifruit, as well as in minimally processed yam roots. The objective of this work was to perform the physical-chemical characterization of the mucilage of two forage palm clones submitted to different field conditions and extraction methods. The clones IPA 100004 / Miúda and IPA 200205 / IPA-Sertânia of dry and irrigated cultivation were collected from experimental areas of the Federal Rural University of Pernambuco / Serra Talhada Academic Unit (UFRPE / UAST) at 05:00 and 20:00 hours , being classified in medium size (100 to 230 mm) and (250 to 300 mm) respectively for IPA 100004 / Miúda and IPA 200205 / IPA-Sertânia. After classification, the cladodes were transported to the laboratory of the Graduate Program in Plant Production of the Federal Rural University of Pernambuco. In the laboratory, the cladodes were weighed, washed in running water, cut into cubes for removal of the aquifer parenchyma. The pieces were weighed and immersed in ultrapure water for 30 minutes and in a solution containing 5% citric acid. Drained for 10 minutes, the mucilage was obtained, which was packed in Petri dishes and stored at 5 ± 2 ° C and Relative Humidity of 85%, for 12 days. The analysis of Mucilage Yield was performed on the initial day, as well as every two days the Total Soluble Solids, Total Titratable Acid, pH, Potassium, Sodium Content and Electric Conductivity of the mucilage were quantified. A completely randomized design was used in a 2 x 7 factorial scheme and with three replications, for each study. In the first trial, two clones of palm (Miúda and IPA) were used for two types of crops (Sequeiro and Irrigado) and seven days of evaluation (0, 2, 4, 6, 8, 10 and 12). (0, 2, 4, 6, 8, 10 and 12), in the third one was added citric acid in the mucilage (ultrapure water and acid citrus) and seven days of evaluation (0, 2, 4, 6, 8, 10 and 12), and lastly, two sizes (100 to 230 and 231 to 300 mm) of forage palm cladodes and seven days of evaluation (0, 2, 4, 6, 8, 10 and 12). The data were submitted to ANOVA and, when significant, were submitted to the Tukey test at 5% of probability. In relation to the mucilage yield, clone IPA 200205 / IPA-Sertânia of irrigated culture presented higher yield. However, in relation to the time of harvest, addition of citric acid and cladode size there was no difference between the results. Regarding the Soluble Solids content, Electric Conductivity, Potassium and Sodium content, Titratable Total Acidity and pH, there was a significant difference between the treatments. Therefore, it is concluded that the addition of citric acid in the extraction of forage palm mucilage did not provide higher yield and decreased the viscosity of the mucilage, and that the cladodes mucilage of clone IPA100004 / Kidney crop, harvested at 05:00 hours presented greater physical-chemical stability throughout conservation.