Estratégias de sustentabilidade na cadeia produtiva da gipsita pernambucana a partir do estudo das pegadas ecológica, hídrica e de carbono

Abstract

The state of Pernambuco holds 18% of the country's gypsum reserves, however, it produces 97% of the gypsum consumed in Brazil. This is especially due to the quality of the ore, which reaches purity of up to 98%. The Pernambuco gypsum reserves are concentrated in the region of Araripe, with emphasis on the municipalities of Araripina, Bodocó, Ipubi, Ouricuri and Trindade, which make up the Local Productive Arrangement of the Polo Gesseiro, called the Polo Gesseiro do Araripe. Although this activity represents an important source of resources for the region, it is responsible for the direct and indirect generation of a series of events that present the potential of degradation of the local environment. Given the importance of this region in the national production of gypsum and verified the existence of environmental impacts resulting from the accomplishment of the activity, this objective study auxiliary in the construction of sustainability strategies for the plaster production, identifying potential environmental indicators such as the Ecological, Water and Carbon Footprint. The present paper is organized in four chapters: Chapter 1 - Environmental conservation in the Araripe Gossip Polo: Economic and legal relations; Chapter 2 - Analysis of Water Footprint applicability in the extraction and benefit of pernambucana gipsita; Chapter 3 - Carbon and Ecological Footprints of the gypsum calcination in the state of Pernambuco (Brazil) and Chapter 4 - Environmental impacts and future perspectives in the production of gypsum in the region of Araripe, Pernambuco state. The results found attest to the current high degree of degradation of the Pole, expressed in a high Carbon Footprint and Ecological. Added to this scenario are the anthropic pressures on the Caatinga and the release of particulates into the atmosphere. Adequacy towards sustainable production patterns is still incipient and highly dependent on state actions. In this sense, the present paper aims to help determine the sectoral public policies that increase the sustainability of the Pernambuco pole of production of plaster.