Sistemas de climatização para suínos nas fases de crescimento e terminação no semiárido

Abstract

The present research was carried out with the objective of evaluating the influence of climatization and data systems in the physiological systems, without the performance and the productive performance of confined pigs, as well as the characterization of the facilities in the stages of growth and termination of the animals. The experiment was conducted at the Experimentation Laboratory with Supplements of the Academic Unit of Serra Talhada (BES-UAST) of the Federal Rural University of Pernambuco. A total of 27 days at 63 days of age were derived from ¾ Duroc, ¼ Pietrain matrices, covered by Duroc male. The experiment appeared between September and November 2017, totaling 74 days of data recording. The animals were with bays without air conditioning, forced bays and bays with evaporative adiabatic cooling system. Experimental experimental loss was recorded as meteorological variables, bulb temperature (oC), relative air quantity (%) and black globe temperature (oC), radiant radiation (W m-2), temperature index and humidity, black globe temperature index and humidity (ITGU) and enthalpy (kJ kg-1 dry air); Physiological modalities, respiratory rate, rectal temperature and surface temperature; the behavioral and performance variables of the animals, weight gain (kg), live weight (kg), daily feed intake (kg) and feed conversion and feed conversion (kg kg-1) were determined. The experimental design was a completely randomized design with three treatments and nine replications. The evaporative cooling kept the values of comfort, respiratory rate (RF) and average temperature (TR) of the animals, within the comfort range, during the period when the system remained active (08:00 to 18:00). Animals housed in bays with evaporative cooling will improve performance and reduce by 23 days the age at which slaughter weight was achieved. The pigs were submitted to evaporative cooling with higher frequency of ingestive activity, exploratory behavior and greater lethargic expression, most of the breeding phases studied.