Os mercados públicos de Recife-PE sob a ótica do consumo coletivo : significados e tendências

Abstract

From the emergence and structuring of the capitalist city, the demands of urban space planning and the provision of means of collective consumption that subsidize the economic and social development of cities arise. In this context, public markets had the primary function of supplying urban units, besides being spaces for community living and representing, through material culture, the local tradition. The urban-industrial increase led to the economic, social, cultural development and the transformations of the cities, as a consequence, the public space destined to the commerce, specifically the free markets, the public markets, are being gradually replaced by private alternatives, such as grocery stores, supermarkets, shopping malls, among others. In this context, the public management of public markets as public means of collective consumption is precarious in several aspects. However, these facilities still represent an important space for exchange and social integration that guarantees the sociability and vitality of the city and the surrounding area. From the research problem evidenced, the study aims to evaluate and understand the meanings and trends, from the content of the statements of consumers, permissionaires and public managers. those about public markets as a collective means of consumption in the context of contemporary society. More specifically, the study aims to: Characterize the socioeconomic and demographic profile of consumers, permit holders and public managers of public markets in the city of Recife; Identify, from the point of view of consumers, permit holders and public managers, the meaning of public markets as collective consumption equipment and point out the trends for this public equipment as a means of collective consumption from the perspective of consumers, permissionaires and public managers of public markets in the city of Recife. This is a case study with a quantiquali approach and content analysis method. The research universe consisted of the markets of the city of Recife (23 markets) and a public market for each Administrative Political Region of the municipality was adopted for sampling, totaling 6 markets. The data collection technique chosen was a structured interview based on three formulated scripts, one for each group of subjects - consumers (18), permit holders (12) and public managers (7). The results of the content analysis of the research bring the profile of the consumers of the public markets composed mostly of adult women of classes C, D and E. As a preponderant profile, the permissionaires, women, elderly with low education and in relation to managers, most are male, with no training in the area of expertise. Regarding the meanings conceived by the research subjects, they permeate issues related to culture, history, public place, work, public-private cooperation and the discrepancies attributed to the conditions of public collective consumption means in relation to collective consumption means. The tendency towards increasing precariousness of the public markets of the city of Recife-PE is attributed to the State as manager and provider of this collective equipment, especially by the way it perceives and means public markets as a means of collective consumption.