Interação espacial entre os investimentos no PRONAF e o índice de desenvolvimento rural nos municípios do nordeste

Abstract

This research aims to analyze the spatial interaction between the investments destined to the Family Agriculture Strengthening Program (PRONAF) and the Rural Development Index (IDR) in the municipalities of the Northeast for 2000 and 2010. Knowing the inter-municipal relations that can generate spatial dependence was adopted as Exploratory Spatial Data Analysis (AEDE) methodology. The Moran Global Index was calculated to verify the existence and degree of spatial correlation of the IDR and Pronaf variables and the Moran Local Index to locate the spatial agglomerations. In the overall analysis the results showed a positive correlation for the two variables in the two periods, that is, a predominance of agglomerations with similar values are lower or higher. In the local analysis the agglomerations of Baixo-Baixo municipalities predominated, in which municipalities with IDR below the average are neighbors of municipalities with Pronaf also below the average. In addition, a greater number of municipalities in Low-Low agglomerations shows that the rural development landscape in the Northeast is still critical. The main conclusion of this study is that in fact there is spatial dependence of municipalities both when looking at the variables separately and when analyzing the two variables together, that is, the characteristics of the municipalities exert, from their intermunicipal relations, some influence in the neighbors considering its relation of proximity. From this, it can be inferred that the level of rural development of a municipality and its access to Pronaf resources depend to some extent on the relations with neighboring municipalities, and it is important to consider the space in the investigation of the relationship between development policies rural and rural development indicators, as well as an effort to understand these formal and informal relations established among the municipalities, which, in turn, exert influence in their neighbors, reproducing as in the case of the municipalities of the Northeast, a predominant condition of low level of rural development.