Avaliação fitoquímica, toxicológica, cicatrizante e antimicrobiana de frutos e sementes de Caesalpinia ferrea Mart. (Leguminosae)

Abstract

The objective of this work was to evaluate the phytochemical, toxicological and healing potential of a cream made from fruits and seeds of Caesalpinea ferrea in a model of skin wounds in wistar rats and also to evaluate its antimicrobial activity by means of a solid medium diffusion technique against causative of bovine mastitis bacteria. C.ferrea conhecida is a species native to Brazil, much used in ethnomedicine and ethnoveterinary with healing and antimicrobial action. Phytochemical screening was obtained through chemical reactions to determine active compounds. The acute toxicity study was evaluated using behavioral and organic variables, using 48 Swiss mice weighing 25-35 grams, at 60 days of age, which were inoculated with decreasing doses (Kg-1 / ml-1) of weight of the hydroalcoholic fraction of the extract, intraperitoneally. In the healing process, 52 Wistar rats were randomly divided into three groups: treated group (G1), control group (G2) and absolute control group (G3). The lesions were evaluated macro- and microscopically between 0 and 21 postoperative days. The results were verified in the phytochemical screening of the extract a presence of hydrolysable tannins and flavonoids. Toxicological tests revealed a low level of cytotoxicity and toxicological testing showed that the plant had a predominantly excitatory biological response to the central nervous system. The cicatricial evolution demonstrated that not 14th day of the postoperative, as the lesions of the treated group fully reepithelialized.For an antimicrobial analysis of the plant two tests were performed. The first one evaluated the antimicrobial action of the plant for twodilution (9.3% and 15%) disc, well and surface diffusion techniques and crude extract, against 13 standard bacterial samples of cows with clinical mastitis and subclinical, with no period of 24.48 and 72 hours. The second evaluated an action of a solid manipulated (cream), a concentration of 9.3%, against eight samples, no period of 24 hours. As bacteria were seeded in 5 ml test tubes containing BHI (Brain Heart Infusion) broth, and incubated in an oven at 37 ° C for 24 to 48 hours. Then, observing the turbidity of the tubes, they were realized like cultures. In both trials the standard antibiotic used for a vancomycin. In the first test, the best results were obtained with the crude extract, followed by a 9.3% concentration per well technique, with medium halos of 30, 32 and 33 mm, and 22, 22, 25 mm respectively. In the second assay, the results showed that the manipulated showed antimicrobial activity for all samples tested with minimum halos of 13 mm and maximum of 21 mm. The antibiotic did not present the matter in front of the samples tested, with minimum halos of 7 mm and maximum of 8 mm. The favorable results demonstrate that C. ferreatem healing potential and antimicrobial.