Biofotônica : iluminância à base de diodo emissor de luz no comportamento e desempenho de frangos de corte

Abstract

Artificial lighting, illuminance, and spatial distribution in the shed are important tools in animal production and welfare, directly interfering with broiler behavior and performance. In this context, this study was conducted with the objective of analyzing quantitative and qualitative aspects of the effects of illuminance through light emitting diode (LED) in the blue / green and white range, the performance and performance of broilers, production cycle (42 days). The research was conducted from October to November, 2017, in the municipality of Carpina, state of Pernambuco, at the Experimental Station of Small Animals (EEPAC / UFRPE). The experiment had four lighting intensities: 5 lx (I1); 20 Ix (I2); 150 lx (I3) and 5-20 lx (5 lx at 1 st, 2 nd and 6 th weeks and 20 lx at 3 rd, 4 th and 5 th weeks - l4), with the use of white LED lamps (C1) and colors blue / green (C2). A continuous light program was used, 18 hours light and 6 hours dark, throughout the study. A continuous light program was used, 18 hours light and 6 hours dark, throughout the study. A total of 384 day-old chicks, a Cobb 500 strain, were purchased from a commercial hatchery to evaluate the behavior, physiological variables, and zootechnical indexes of broiler. For the analysis of the physiological and zootechnical data, a completely randomized design was adopted in a 4x2 factorial scheme. The obtained inferences were evaluated by the Tukey test, at the 5% probability level. Behavioral variables were determined by the frequency of events and their probability of occurrence by the Chi-Square test (X2). The arrangement of adopted LED rods, suited the need for the desired illuminance. The broiler submitted to wavelengths in the blue / green band and illuminance of 20 and 5-20lx presented a higher frequency of observation of comfort and feeding behaviors, with a lower incidence of aggressive behavior and discomfort. The broilers submitted to illuminance of 20 lx and 5-20 lx had the highest final live weight, 2,595 kg and 2,418 kg, respectively. The sources of LED lighting in the white and green / blue bands did not influence the physiological variables, however the blue / green light sources presented better productive performance (live weight and weight gain) in the first days of life of the broiler. The broiler submitted to 20 lx and 5-20 lx illuminance presented the best final productive performance (live weight, weight gain and feed conversion).