Desenvolvimento de novos agentes antineoplásicos platínicos conjugados a matrizes inócuas

Abstract

Cancer is amongst the most deadly diseases around the world, only behind cardiovascular disease and AIDS. In Brazil, this situation is alarming due to the increased population-aging trend, age group with the highest incidence of cancer. At this juncture, the current antineoplastic therapy continues to show obstacles for toxicity and selectivity; demonstrating the relevance as the study of new chemotherapeutic agents. In order to synthesize new pharmaceutical compositions for the treatment of cancer, this work has proposed to develop new platinum-based drugs in therapy associated with levan. After synthesis of these compounds, they were characterized by infrared spectroscopy in the region of nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and 1H and 13C. The spectroscopic data in the ultraviolet and infrared spectra suggest that the ligands are coordinated to the platinum ions. The characterization analyzes by NMR indicates that for LSGLL01 complex input ligand is coordinated to the same metal center (chelated) and one water molecule is coordinated (the 1st coordination sphere) in place of one of the chlorides platinum compound. The molecular structure of complex LSGLL02 demonstrated the formation of a binuclear compound where the ligand is coordinated bridge. The new compositions were exposed to in vitro cytotoxicity tests, acute toxicity and antitumor activity within a therapeutic range. According to animal experiments, based on protocol 423 of the OECD, the LSGLL01 and LSGLL02 compounds fall under category 2. The antitumor activity tests (in vivo) intra-peritoneally against tumor of type sarcoma 180 (S-180) implanted subcutaneously in sub-axillary region of male albine Swiss mice (Mus Musculus) showed a percentage of tumor weight inhibition (TWI%) for the standard group (treated with commercial cisplatin), 22.6%. The compounds developed LSGLL01 and LSLLG02 showed (TWI%) of 47 and 48%, respectively. The complex showed better antitumor activity, i.e., higher percentage of tumor cell inhibition against S-180 tumors cell lines when compared to CDDP. The effect of treatment on hematological parameters of the animals treated groups were shown within the normal range, not showing myelosuppression, besides the non-observation of metastases.