Avaliação eletrocardiográfica em felinos domésticos destinados a gonadectomia eletiva

Abstract

The electrocardiogram (ECG) is a sensitive and specific technique for the identification and classification of cardiac arrhythmias. In addition, the ECG may also suggest increased cardiac chambers, rhythm monitoring during surgeries and chemical restraint, diagnostic aid for structural heart disease, electrolyte disturbances, metabolic diseases, and pericardial effusion. Although it is a diagnostic technique already established in the veterinary routine, it is necessary studies that characterize some of its variables, in view of the scarcity of scientific material addressing this subject specifically in felines of company. In this context, the present study aimed to evaluate the electrocardiogram and to standardize the precordial leads in domestic cats for elective gonadectomy. Eighty healthy and adult animals with surgical indication for elective gonadectomy, from the clinical care routine performed at University Veterinary Hospital -UAG (UFRPE), were evaluated. The electrocardiogram was performed using the computerized method, with standardized equipment at sensitivity 1cm = 1mv and velocity of 50mm / s. The results obtained expressed as mean and standard deviation were HR: 194.20 ± 31.48 (bpm); P wave: 0.04 ± 0.00 (s) X 0.11 ± 0.03 (mV); PR interval: 0.07 ± 0.01 (s); QRS complex: 0.04 ± 0.00 (s) X 0.34 ± 0.21 (mV); QT interval: 0.16 ± 0.02 (s); T wave 0.14 ± 0.07 (mV); R wave (rV2): 0.17 ± 0.10 (mV); S wave (rV2): 0.12 ± 0.10 (mV); R wave (V2): 0.30 ± 0.21 (mV); S wave (V2): 0.10 ± 0.11 (mV); R wave (V4): 0.22 ± 0.21 (mV); S wave (V4): 0.03 ± 0.07 (mV); RC: sinus rhythm (92.5%), ST segment: isoelectric (92.5%), electric axis: 91.5% (within normal range); polarity of the T wave (rV2): positive (82.5%), polarity of the T wave (V2): positive (95%); polarity of the T wave (V4): positive (93.7%), polarity of the T wave (V10): negative (87.5%). It was verified that the electrocardiographic changes present in the preoperative examination of healthy cats present a significant frequency and that the majority of the evaluated animals present positive T-wave polarity in the pre-cordial leads rV2, V2 and V4, and negative in V10. It was also concluded that all animals evaluated had R-waves smaller than 0.5 mV in the rV2 lead, and S-waves smaller than 0.5 mV in leads rV2, V2 and V4, raising a probable hypothesis that said waves in these leads should be less than this value in domestic felines.