Dinâmica de biomarcadores do perfil energético, proteico, mineral e da atividade muscular cardíaca em cabras das raças moxotó e saanen no periparto

Abstract

Moxotó and Saanen goats are animals that have an increasing interest in goat breeders in the semi-arid region of Northeast Brazil. They are well adapted to environmental adversities, having good adaptability to the environment and nutritional management, with the use of natural forage resources. There is great interest in the knowledge of the physiological changes that occur in the transition period, aiming to know the intensity of metabolic changes and their reflexes in animal health. Due to the scarcity of data with females of the Moxotó breed related to the dynamic profile of metabolites as well as the dynamics of markers of myocardial damage in Saanen goats, the objective was to evaluate the profile of some blood biomarkers during the gestation, and postpartum in Moxotó goats, as well as to evaluate the dynamics of biomarkers of cardiac muscle activity (troponin I and CK-MB) in Saanen goats in the peripartum period. Two completely randomized designs were developed with a group of goats (n = 10) and different moments of observation in the prepartum, postpartum and postpartum periods, and the second with Saanen goats, plurípara, pregnants (n = 14), with a mean body score of 3.5 in the transition period. Blood samples were collected by jugular venipuncture in tubes with and without anticoagulant (sodium fluoride). Different biomarkers were determined in a LABMAX 240 automated biochemical analyzer. Serum troponin and CK-MB determination were determined by the electrochemiluminescence method (ECLIA) using a commercial kit and BECKMAN COUNTER-ACCESS 2® equipment. In the first design, significant variations were observed in the following blood constituents at different gestation periods: total protein (p <0.0035), albumin (p <0.0475), globulin (p <0.0098) (p <0.001), triglyceride (p <0.0018), and fructosamine (p <0.001); whereas no changes in blood cholesterol concentration were recorded (p = 0.8890). Regarding the parameters of enzymatic activity, only the AST variations (p <, 0001) were observed, whereas the activities of GGT (p = 0.2049) and FA (p = 0.5104) were similar at all times of different periods. Regarding the parameters of the mineral profile, significant variations were observed in serum Ca concentration (p <.0001), P (p = 0.0226) and Mg (p = 0.0003). In relation to the regression analysis, as a function of prepartum and delivery periods, negative linear behavior was observed for the following biomarkers: total protein (p <, 0001), albumin (p = 0.0109), globulin (p = 0.0001), glucose (p = 0.0011), fructosamine (p = 0.0010), GGT (p = 0.0500) and Ca (p <10001). As for the second design, there was no significant variation (P> 0.05) in the variables in the prepartum, delivery and postpartum periods. Highly negative correlation was observed between plasma β- Hydroxybutyrate concentration with glucose (r = 0.60, P <0.0001) and moderately negative between β-Hydroxybutyrate and troponin (r = 0.45, P <0.0001) , that is, the higher the blood concentration of β-Hydroxybutyrate, the lower the concentrations of glucose and troponin I in pre-calving goats at calving. It was concluded that the Moxotó goats, in the transition period, present significant variation in metabolic dynamics related to energy, protein and mineral profiles. Blood levels of Troponin I and CK-MB are detectable in the blood of Saanen goats in the transition period, and these data can be used as reference values for metabolic profile study in different metabolic and productive conditions.