Teores de referência e geoquímica de metais pesados em solos da Bacia Cabo - PE

Abstract

Regional reference levels of heavy metals which may reflect the influence of pedogenic factors in different environments is fundamental to environmental management. The Cabo Basin that is lithologically different from the rest of the state of Pernambuco and present intense industrial activity, is an example of study area. Based on this scenario, the objective was to determine the levels of barium (Ba), cadmium (Cd), lead (Pb), cobalt (Co), copper (Cu), chromium (Cr), molybdenum (Mo), nickel (Ni), silver (Ag), vanadium (V) and zinc (Zn) in soils of the Cabo Basin. Soil samples collected, representative of the lithological and pedological diversity of the basin, were subjected to digestion by method 3051A and the determination of the elements performed by optical emission spectrometry (ICP - OES). Bioavailability of heavy metals in soils whose levels exceeded the value of prevention adopted by CONAMA was performed by using sequential extraction. From the results, it was found high levels of Ba, Co, Cr, Ni and V in surface horizons of soils developed from basic rocks of Ipojuca Formation, whereas Pb and Zn were higher in surface soils developed from alluvial clay sediments and traquiandesito. The levels of Cd, Ag and Mo were lower than Prevention Level of the CONAMA in all studied profiles and not varied greatly depending on the source material. Results by sequential extraction performed for Ba, Cr, Ni and Pb, higher than the value metals Prevention Levels of the CONAMA showed that at least 67% Ba, 73% Cr, 95.6 % Ni and the total Pb are associated with the residual fraction, suggesting low potential availability of metals to the environment and that the origin is probably lithogenic .