Agentes parasitários em animais silvestres, sinantrópicos e domésticos : aspectos clínicos, epidemiológicos e de saúde pública

Abstract

This paper describes the main clinical, epidemiological and public health aspects of wild, synanthropic and domestic animals naturally infected by parasitic agents. For this, different biological samples (blood, faeces, skin fragments, liver and / or spleen) of wild, synanthropic and / or captive animals, and domestic animals from different municipalities of the states of Pernambuco and Sergipe, Brazil, were analyzed. In the island of Fernando de Noronha, the 37 feral cats and 30 captured rodents were positive in the FLOTAC® technique for 17 genera and / or species of gastrointestinal endoparasites, with Ancylostoma and Strongyloides being the most frequent parasites. In an urban area of the state of Sergipe, it was observed that the flying mammals Molossus molossus, Myotis lavali and Noctilio albiventris are parasitized by helminths and protozoa belonging to 11 distinct taxon families, being the families Ancylostomatidea and Hymenolepididae the most frequent enteroparasites in these species of neotropicias bats of Brazil. In Pernambuco, 110 fecal samples of wild and synanthropic rodents were analyzed FLOTAC®, and the following zoonotic gastrointestinal parasites were detected: Angiostrongylus cantonensis, Aspiculuris tetraptera, Entamoeba spp., Hymenolepis nana, Moniliformes moniliformis, Syphacia obvelata, Strongyloides spp. Taenia spp. and Trichuris sp. On the other hand, the following parasitic agents were detected in parasitic, immunological and / or molecular parasites: Ancylostoma sp., Cryptosporidium sp., Cystoisospora sp., Entamoeba sp., Giardia sp., Strongyloides sp., Toxocara sp. and Taenia sp., as well as DNA from the Leishmania donovani complex and Toxoplasma gondii. Finally, in an endemic area for Visceral Leishmaniasis of Pernambuco it was confirmed that Didelphis albiventris, Oligoryzomys nigripes and dogs are participating in the biological cycle of the L. donovani complex. In this way, we can conclude that wild, synanthropic, captive and domestic animals are affected by different parasitic agents, some of which are particularly zoonotic, posing a risk to public health.