Avaliação dos achados clínicos, hematológicos e bioquímico séricos em cães naturalmente infectados por Leishmania infantum submetidos a tratamento experimental

Abstract

Canine Visceral Leishmaniose (CVL) is an anthropozoonosis caused by a intracelular parasite Leishmania infantum. The canines can be classified by asymptomatic or symptomatic, the clinical signs depend on the immune response of each animal. The treatment is still a challenge, also the interpretation of hematologic and serum biochemical findings, because the results has not a consensus. The aim of this study was evaluate the clinical, haematological and serum biochemical findings of canines naturally infected with Leishmania infantum, submitted to experimental treatment. Were used 14 canines with positive parasitological diagnostic to Leishmania spp. them were separated in two treatment groups, one allopurinol associate with domperidone (DOA) (n=7) and other allopurinol associated with mitelfosine (MIA) (n=7). The animals were monitored every 30 days until 90 days of treatment, were made physical and clinical exam, parasitological analysis to find amastigote forms of Leishmania sp. on bone marrow, lymph node and skin cytology, also were made an complete blood count (CBC) and serum biochemistry (urea, creatinine, ALT, AST, total proteins, globulin and albumin). Al the animals showed clinical improve and were negative to parasitological exam since day 60. Both treatment groups revealed thrombocytopenia, plasmatic hyperproteinemia and anaemia on CBC, serum biochemistry revealed hyperglobulinemia, hipoalbuminemia, azotaemia and increased AST. After 90 days of treatment CBC and biochemistry alterations decreased, DOA treatment still has Anaemia (14,29%), thrombocytopenia (28,57%), hyperproteinemia (71,43%) and leucocytosis (42,86%) at CBC, and e azotaemia (14,29%), hipoalbuminemia (71,43%) and hyperglobulinemia (71,43%), at serum biochemistry. MIA group still present lymphocytosis (28,57%), eosinophilia (14,29%), thrombocytopenia (42,86%) e plasmatic hyperproteinemia (71,43%)at CBC, and azotaemia (42,86%), hyperglobulinemia (100%) and hipoalbuminemia (85,71%) at serum biochemistry. Was concluded that allopurinol associated with domperidone treatment is the best protocol because it decrease clinical signs and laboratorial findings.