Metabolismo da glutamina em felinos sadios e caninos e felinos com doença renal

Abstract

Glutamine (GLN) is considered an essential amino acid. However in catabolic conditions when the consumption is higher than its synthesis, it is classified as a conditionally essential amino acid. In many species, as carnivorous and omnivorous, glutamine synthetase (GS) is an enzyme responsible for GLN’s synthesis and has a very low expression in renal tissue, this occurs due the acid urine produced by this species. Although, Glutaminase, responsible for GLN’s degradation, is present in this tissue and it is important for pH’s regulation in the metabolic acidosis. Therefor the loss of renal tissue in the renal failure, acute or chronic, may be associated to the modification of GLN metabolism, interfering on the regulation of this amino acid concentration on the blood and other tissues. In herbivorous and equines high expression contributes for regulation of blood pH and GLN production, unlike happens with carnivorous that GLN has an important role in pH blood regulation. Renal failure is a common disease in aged dogs and cats. It can be classified according etiology as congenic, hereditary or acquired, and the evolution as acute or chronic. The researches of this study, showed that the plasmatic GLN was reduced in dogs with renal injury but in cats with the same clinic disturb it was not changed. Several therapeutics protocols where compared for the treatment of this infirmity, although it has not being showed statistic difference in serum creatinine and urea levels, there was a decrease in mortality rates and animals treated with fluid therapy only, had a higher mortality rate and animals submitted to hemodialysis had a lower mortality.