Avaliação comparativa entre tromboplastina e trombina autógena para ativação do gel de plasma rico em plaquetas de cães

Abstract

The Platelet Rich Plasma (PRP) is a platelet concentrate obtained at the end of the centrifugation process whole blood. The product has been studied in tissue repair because platelets contain inside growth factors that stimulate organic processes such as mitogenesis and angiogenesis. For the occurrence of release such growth factors into the tissue which is applied PRP, platelets need to be activated, and this occurs by the addition of substances called activation factors. From that moment, the PRP acquires a gelatinous consistency, which facilitates application and fixing the target tissue, happening to be called platelet gel. Taking into consideration that there is no single protocol for obtaining the platelet gel and different activating factors can be used in their production, aimed with this research conduct a comparative analysis of two activators factors: autogenous and thromboplastin thrombin with respect to ease of acquisition, cost, gel formation after activation and the risk of contamination of PRP through bacteriological analysis. To perform the experiment were 20 healthy dogs which were collected blood samples, a total of 18 ml for each animal for the production of platelet gel by the manual method using two centrifugation times, the first centrifugation at 1200 rpm and second 1600 rpm both for 10 minutes. Blood samples were equally divided into three groups, each group of 20 samples of group A (PRP without added activator control factor), group B (gel activated platelets with autologous thrombin) and group C (platelet gel activated with thromboplastin). Samples of PRP liquid (Group A) had varying in color from whitish to transparent rosea and the same is maintained in liquid form during the whole observation time. In group B staining remained cloudy as it was formed and the gel samples took 1 to 2 minutes to gelatinize, although 40% of the samples were still in liquid form, even with double the added proportion of activator factor. Samples in Group C was translucent and the color was formed a firm gel consistency maximum time of 30 seconds at 100% of the samples. There was no contamination of samples from all groups according to bacteriological analysis. It follows that although the autogenous and thromboplastin thrombin be easily acquired in Recife (Pernambuco), thromboplastin proved to be a better activating factor option for PRP gel have less cost and be more efficient gelling all samples.