Capacidade de combinação e heterose em genótipos de meloeiro do grupo momordica (Cucumis melo L. var. momordica)

Abstract

The of Cucumis melo L. species is original of the tropical and subtropical regions of Africa. Because of its great variability emerged some intraspecific ratings, one of the most recent and cited in the literature divides six botanical groups: cantalupensis, inodorus, conomon, dudaim, flexuosus and momordica, being the most cultivated in Brazil the two groups: inodorus and cantalupensis. Cultivates still on a small scale melons momordica known group, depending on the region of the country, as caxi melon, meloite, papoco melon or snow melon. This study aimed to evaluate the performance of 13 melon accessions momordica group crossed with two testers, identifying them with the best combination of capacity and higher heterosis. The experiment was conductedin the Department of Agronomy, Crop Area Rural Federal University of Pernambuco – Campus Brothers, Recife - PE. The experimental design was a randomized block with 4 replication sand 41 treatments, including 13 momordica melon hits, two testers and its 26 experimental hybrids. The characteristics evaluated were five: average fruit mass; average fruit length; average diameter of the fruit; pulp thickness; internal cavity. According to the data analyzed, the average length and characteristics of the fruit pulp thickness, revealed the existence of variability resulting from the effects of gene action additive and non-additive in controlling expression. As for the characteristics: average mass of the fruit, average fruit diameter and internal cavity, are prevailed genetic effects of dominance. The general combining ability, the A14, A18, and A16 accesses, showed higher values for the fruit length characteristic, especially A14 and A18, which together with the A11 also excel with higher GCA values for thickness pulp. The hybrid A14XT24, presented better specific capacity combination to average fruit weight and pulp thickness, and better heterosis values for average fruit mass, average fruit length and pulp thickness. For internal cavity, the hybrid A7XT24, stood out, presenting the lowest average. The lower heterosis for this trait was presented by combining A11XT9.