Avaliação do potencial fisiológico de diásporos de aroeira do sertão (Myracrodruon urundeuva Allemão) e baraúna (Schinopsis brasiliensis Engler) durante o armazenamento

Abstract

The conservation of seeds in an appropriate location, coupled with the use of rapid tests for physiological maintenance are essential parameters to evaluate the production of quality seedlings at different times of the year. The present study aimed to verify the behavior of diaspore aroeira of the tree (Myracrodruon urundeuva Allemão) and tree (Schinopsis brasiliensis Engler) under different storage periods and environments, as well, as to assess the possibility of applying rapid electrical conductivity and pH of individual and mass exudate in monitoring the physiological potential. The experimental design was completely randomized, factorial 2 x 8 with eight storage periods (0; 2; 4; 6; 8; 10; 12 and 14 months), two storage environments (natural and refrigerator), with four replications of 25 diaspores to aroeira of the sertão. And factorial 7 x 2 x 2 with seven storage periods (0; 2; 4; 6; 8; 10 and 12 months), two treatments of scarification (intact and scarified), two storage environments (natural and refrigerator), with four replications of 20 seeds disposed to tree. The seeds was stored in kraft paper and bimonthly reviews. The variables analyzed were: water content, percentage of emergence (PE), emergence speed index (ESI), mean emergence time (MET), length, diameter and dry weight of seedlings and rapid electrical conductivity, pH individual and mass exudate. Data were subjected to analysis of variance and the means compared by Tukey test at 5 % probability, later regression analysis to the quantitative factors (storage period) and simple Pearson correlation test was performed. The results indicated that the diasporas M. urundeuva when stored in the refrigerator increased the values of PE and ESI from the 6th month, reaching a peak in the 10th month of storage, otherwise the stored natural environment lost vigor slowly. Diaspores S. brasiliensis, showed higher emergence in both environments, but in the natural environment is conserved over the germination potential (56 %) compared with diasporas stored in the refrigerator (46 %). The PE and ESI had increases in their average for 8 months of storage values after this period decreased reaching at 12 months similar to the initial values. It was concluded that the diaspores of M. urundeuva can be stored for ten months in room refrigerator, and the diaspores of S. brasiliensis kept for six months of storage in natural physiological environment maintained when subjected to the treatment of scarification. The results obtained by the rapid testing of electrical conductivity, pH and mass of individual exudate not monitored the physiological potential of the seeds of both species during storage.