Avaliação de descritores morfológicos e seleção de diferentes tipos de progênies de Pennisetum sp.

Abstract

Two experiments were performed at the Itambé Experimental Station (IPA). The objective was to analyze morphologic descriptors and different type of progenies in the selection of clones of Pennisetum sp. The experiments were conducted from March 2003 to May 2005 at Itambé. The first experiment analyzed repeatability ( 2) estimations, correlation and number of measures to predict 2 with coefficient of determination great tham 0.80. It was utilized 472 Pennisetum clones from 25 crosses, with clones represented by tussock (plot), without replication. It was evaluated the following measured characters: dry matter production (DMP), dry matter concentration (%DM), plant height (PH) and number of basal tillers (Nº BT). Visual observations included desejability (D), disease susceptibility (DS), total tillering (TT), basal tillering (BT), axilar tillering (AT), plant height (PHV), internode length (IL) and stem diameter (SD). The general 2 were 0.31,0.65, 0.20,0.55, 0.02, 0.41, 0.22, 0.11, 0.21, 0.45 and 0.29 from DMP, %DM, PH, Nº BT, DS, TT, BT, AT, PHV, IL and SD, respectively. An indirect way to select a given response is when a character shows low 2 but high correlation with other character with high 2 by characters of larger 2. The dry matter concentration was the most easily predicted character in elephantgrass clones. The genotypic value of this character was adequately predicted ( 2=0.80) with from measurements. The second experiment analyzed different type of progenies in the selection of clones of Pennisetum sp. The experimental treatments were two elephantgrass cultivars (Guaçu 122 and Cuba 116) and two fecundation forms {crossbreeds (F1) and self pollination (S1)}. Were evaluated 82 progenies (F1) origined from cv. Guaçu 122; 116 progenies (F1) from cv. Cuba 116; 10 progenies (S1) from cv. Guaçu 122 e 30 progênies (S1) from cv. Cuba 116. The evaluatedcharacters were DMP, % DM, PH, Nº BT and suvirval index. The Cuba 116 cultivar presented larger general capacity of combination than the Guaçu 122 cultivar. The selfpollination of Cuba 116 cultivar showed potential to selection S1 individuals from dry matter production and basal tillering characters. The suvirval index was the charater most depressed by self-pollination and present values to 58.40 %, 0.00 %, 65.80 % and 26.67 % for the treatment F1 from cv. Guaçu 122, S1 from cv. Guaçu 122, F1 from cv. Cuba 116 and S1 from cv. Cuba 116, respectively.