Estudo epidemiológico das infecções por Campylobacter fetus Subsp. venerealis e Tritrichomonas foetus em bovinos no estado de Pernambuco

Abstract

The objective of this study was to perform an epidemiological analysis of Campylobacter fetus subsp. venerealis and Tritrichomonas foetus infection in cattle from state of Pernambuco, Brazil. For this, 383 samples of cervical-vaginal mucus of cows from 21 properties distributed in the 19 counties that make up the microregion of Garanhuns and 105 samples of preputial smegma of males in the reproductive age, coming from 32 properties and four slaughterhouses were collected from state Pernambuco. The samples had their genomic materials extracted and subjected to polymerase chain reaction for diagnosis. To analyze the risk factors applied an investigative questionnaire on the hygienic, sanitary and reproductive management. The risk factors identified in this study was to bovine genital campylobacteriosis in female herds above 100 animals (OR=7.2, C.I. 1.3 to 38.4%, p=0.020) and bovine trichomoniasis was the use of natural mating (OR=2.4, C.I. 1.1 to 5.9%, p=0.041). In males, there was a frequency of 6.6% (2.7%-13.2%, 95% C.I.) for T. fetus and no sample was positive for C. fetus subsp. venerealis. Regarding the number of outbreaks, 21.8% of farms had animals positive for T. foetus. None analyzed variables was associated with infection. Regarding the samples from slaughterhouses, none was positive. It is concluded that infection by C. fetus subsp. venerealis and T. foetus are present in cattle in the state of Pernambuco and suggest that control measures such as diagnosis and prophylaxis, and sexual segregation and rest of infected females, using a program of artificial insemination with strict health care, elimination of infected bulls and replacement for young animals are implemented to prevent the spread of agents in herds.