Estudo químico e potencial antioxidante do mel e geoprópolis coletados pela abelha sem ferrão mandaçaia (Melipona mandacaia)

Abstract

] The species of stingless bee Melipona mandacaia is popularly known as mandaçaia and is native to northeastern Brazil. This study analyzed honey and geopropolis of mandaçaia. For honey were carried out pollen, physical and chemical analysis such as moisture, pH, free acidity, hydroxymethylfurfural, ash content, reducing sugars and water activity, amino acids, minerals and antiradical activity of four samples of honey. The major phenolic constituents of honey were extracted and analyzed by High Performance Liquid Chromatography Efficiency coupled to the Diode Array Detector (HPLC-DAD). Pollen analysis showed that the dominant pollen in honey samples was the plant species Mimosa arenosa (Fabaceae / Mimosoideae) ranging from 44.4% to 61.7%. The identified flavonoids quercetin, luteolin, and kaempferol acid derivatives: 3,4-dihydroxybenzoic, 1,2-dihydroxybenzoic, caffeic, cinnamic and ferulic were quantified. All honey samples showed the amino acid proline, alanine, serine and threonine. The minerals were the predominant calcium and potassium. All honeys showed scavenging activity of free radical front to DPPH and ABTS. For geopropolis of mandaçaia was determined to botanical origin, phenolics were quantified by HPLC-DAD and the antioxidant activity was determined by testing with DPPH, ABTS and beta carotene / linoleic acid system. Pollen analysis of nine samples geopropolis showed the presence of 25 types of pollen representing fifteen families. The Senna species (Leguminoseae) was the predominant pollen in eight of the nine samples. The phenol content in the geopropolis of mandaçaia were identified as caffeic acid, coumaric acid, trans-3-hydroxycinnamic acid, 4-methoxycinnamic acid and abscisic. All samples geopropolis showed antioxidant activity, except hexanic fractions that have been inactive for the free radical DPPH.