Avaliação de genótipos de arroz de terras altas na Zona da Mata de Pernambuco

Abstract

Rice (Oryza sativa L.) is one of the most cultivated and consumed crop in all continents. In Brazil, it is one of the basic sources of food, but the Brazilian productivity average is considerad low. That is due to inappropriate cultivation practices in some regions and mainly because there is not a sufficient number of evaluated and recommended cultivars for different systems of cultivation in several producing regions. In this context, theevaluations of genotype performance in different environments, the determination of genetics phenotype variability and the evaluation of implications arising from the interaction effects of genotype x environments allow to evaluate the genetic control of characters. Also, this evaluation makes possible the selection of genotypes with favorable characters for cultivation and enables the indication of genotypes for using in genetic breding programs. The objective of this work was to evaluate the upland rice genotypes in Zona da Mata of Pernambuco,Brazil. Two experiments were carried out in 2006, at the Agricultural School of Palmares,South of Zona da Mata, and at Agrotechnical School of Vitória de Santo Antão, Center of Zona da Mata. Twelve genotypes were used in both experiments according to randomized plots with four replicates.In each plot there were 4m-rows, separated 50 cm from each other in which 75 seeds were distributed per linear meter.Data collection was done in three central lines of each plot. Planting was accomplished in the second half of April so that the greater pluviometric index and the regularity of rainfall at each place coincided with the critical period of the culture, which is the flowering phase. The Zona da Mata of Pernambuco has climatic components such as luminosity, temperature and precipitation suitable for upland rice culture. The genotypes evaluated were IAC 47, Bonança, Rio Parnaíba, Maravilha,Caiapó, BRA 1506,BRA 1600, CNAs 9045, CNAs 9025,BRSMG curinga, BRS primavera and PB 5. It was observed that the genotypes Bonança, BRA 1506, BRA 1600, CNAs 9045 and BRSMG curinga had adequate performances for cultivation on upland conditions in the Zona da Mata of Pernambuco.