Caracterização citogenética, molecular e morfológica de acessos do gênero Arachis com ênfase na seção Heteranthae

Abstract

The genus Arachis have been mainly objective of several studies due to your importance in the feeding and as forage.Your wild species present high genetic variability and find contained in nine taxonomic sections. Of these, the Heteranthae section stands out for being endemic of Brazil, especially in the Northest area and in stats of Goiás and Minas Gerais. Although dont't have very spread use, many of your species present potential for use as forage.being considered the plasticity in this genus, efforts shold be addressed seeking to intensify the employment of native species and your respective conservation in situ and ex situ, especially the one of the Heteranthae section by your potentiality and representative regional, because your players can come to serve as alternative for employment as forage and/ou of genes of agronomic interest.This way, the present work had for objective to analyze species of the Heteranthae section of the cytogenetic and molecular, beyon morphologic analyzes.Besed in cytogenetics data, was verified that all the accesses present chromosome number 2n=20, with metacentric (in the majority of the chromosomes) the submetacentric morphology. Arachis dardani, A. pusilla and A.interrupta present 18m+2sm and satellite type 2, whereas A.sylvestris and A.giacomettii present 16m+4sm and satellite type 10.Divergences in relation to the heterocromatic regions CMA had been detected between the species.A pusilla present the biggest number of rich blocks in GC localized in all the chromosomes of the complement.In accordance with the gotten data, the species are suggested that A.dardani and A. interrupta are most primitive with base moderate asymmetry and satellite type.Data related to the type of satellite of the A.interrupta are different of literature. In A. pusilla, the constitutive heterocromatin perishes to have sufferd recent modifications in its constitution.The molecular data generatad way ISSR congregated the species in three groups, being the tho first ones consisting by species of the section Heteranthae, whereas third it was represented by species of the section Arachis. Such infformation in accordance with is given of found taxonômica classification in literature.Already the morphologic analyses, based in vegetative and reproductive describers, make possible to group the majority of the acesses of the section Heteranthae as taxonomic classification,except for the species A. pusilla that it possibly presented fenologic divergences attributed to the ambient factors or the genetic variability intrinseca of this genotype.