Sensibilidade de isolados de Alternaria brassicicola (Schwn.) Wilt. de cultivos convencionais e orgânicos de brássicas a fungicidas

Abstract

The Alternaria black spot is one of the most common and destructive diseases of brassica species. This disease can be caused by several species of Alternaria, although A. brassicicola is predominant species in both conventional and organic crops in Brazil. Since commercial cultivars of brassica with acceptable levels of disease resistance are not available, the disease control in conventional production system is based on the fungicide applications, while in the organic production system the disease control on relays on cultural methods. The objective of this study is to assess the sensitivity of 112 isolates of A. brassicicola to fungicide groups: benzimidazoles (carbendazim), dicarboximides (iprodione), triazoles (tebuconazole) and strobilurines (azoxystrobin). The isolates were evaluated in vitro to obtain the concentration capable of inhibiting 50% of the mycelial growth (CL50) and separated in four classes depending on the sensibility to the tested fungicides. All the isolated of A. brassicicola were sensitive the iprodione, with CL50 values below to 0.1 mg i.a./L. Most of the isolates originating from conventional (92.9%) and organic (96.4%) were middling resistant the azoxystrobin, while an isolated (CFM-576) was highly resistant. In relation to tebuconazole, only isolated sensitive (42.9%) and lightly resistant (57.1%) were observed. There was nosignificant difference between the isolates of A. brassicicola originated either from conventional or organic systems and brassica types regarding the levels of sensitivity to the fungicides.