Manejo de podridões pós-colheita em manga cv. Tommy Atkins pelo uso da radiação gama, atmosfera modificada e refrigeração

Abstract

In postharvest, the mango is predisposed to several diseases, including the complex known as stem-end rot fungus that has Lasiodiplodia theobromae as a major player in addition to rot by fusicocco (Fusicoccum parvum) and anthracnose caused by Colletotrichum gloeosporioides. The mangicultura is of great economic importance for Brazil, but has been losing ground with the losses that occur in post-harvest disease incidence mainly during transportation and storage, there is need to develop technologies that demonstrate effectiveness in delaying the senescence of fruits improving the marketing capability. Among the technologies we highlight the physical methods such as the use of gamma irradiation, cold storage and use of modified atmosphere. This study aimed to evaluate the three methods of physical control over the development of post-harvest mango and on the physico-chemical properties held for the treatments. For this, the fruit were inoculated with different firopatógenos and after 24 hours applied to gamma radiation doses of 0, 0.25, 0.35, 0.45 kGy, and as the Cobalt 60 source. The fruits were packed with PVC film with 380 mm x 10 microns in trays and kept under refrigeration at 13 º C for 15 days and after that period kept at room temperature, 25 ° C without the plastic film. We observed a reduction of disease development for the three fungi studied, reaching the full control of the disease when evaluating the development of anthracnose in mangoes that were subjected to higher dose of 0.45 kGy. Mangoes irradiated showed no significant differences for some parameters (ascorbic acid, total acidity (TTA), pH, total soluble solids (TSS), ratio (TSS / TTA), firmness and flesh color). Inoculated mangoes like C. gloeosporioides showed no significant changes to the physical and chemical properties, except for spots on the peel. The mangoes inoculated with L. theobromae and F. parvum showed no significant differences between the treatments that compromise the marketing thereof, thus demonstrating the efficiency of these technologies in disease control and not causing changes in properties of the sleeves