Contribuição ao conhecimento químico de plantas do gênero Protium (Burseraceae) que ocorrem em um fragmento de mata atlântica de Pernambuco

Abstract

They are found in Brazilian territory, about 10% of described species on the whole planet. Even reduced and fragmented, especially in the state of Pernambuco, the Atlantic Forest continues to be vital by saving one of the highest levels of biodiversity in the world. This paper aims to identify the volatile chemical components by GC-FID and GC / MS, obtained by hydrodistillation from the leaves of the Protium giganteum (PG) and P. aracouchine (PA), collected in a fragment of Atlantic Forest known as the Cruzinha Forest, located in Engenho São José, municipality of Igarassu, northern coast of Pernambuco. The oil yields obtained were similar (PG = 0.05 ± 0.09% and PA = 0.04 ± 0.06%). The specific rotation revealed that they are dextrorotatórios [α] D = +1.7 for the oil PG and [α] D = +4.4 ° for oil PA). Thirty-two and twenty-nine substances were identified, representing 93.9% and 97.8% of the total oil of PG and PA, respectively. Among the thirty-two identified components in oil of PG, 93.6% are sesquiterpenes and β-Caryophyllene (26.0 ± 0.8%), globulol (9.3 ± 0.2%), α-cadinol (7.0 ± 0.5%), α-humulene (6.4 ± 0.1%) and germacrene D (6.2 ± 0.3%) are the majority of the chemical components. In BP oil, about 95.9% refer to sesquiterpenes. On the other hand, the main components were Spathulenol (31.8 ± 1.6%), α-cisbergamotene (8.8 ± 0.2%) and Viridiflorol (9.7 ± 0.7%). In spite of the oils of these species are constituted by sesquiterpens basically, they are different qualitatively and quantitatively. The data found for these two species of Protium are compared and discussed with those reported in the literature for other counterparts samples collected in other regions of Brazil and the world.