Manutenção e reprodução de Anomalocardia brasiliana (Bivalvia: Veneridae) em condições laboratoriais

Abstract

The Veneridae family it´s among the most commercially harvested shellfish by fisheries and aquaculture in the world, the sediment clam Anomalocardia brasiliana occurs throughout the Brazilian coast and has great importance for artisanal fisheries. In recent years sparked national interest by cultivation of mollusks. This study aimed at the first article the filtration and ingestion rate of A. brasiliana under different conditions of light, temperature and salinity on laboratory conditions in three separate experiments, analyzed by factorial analysis of variance, followed by Duncan test, with significance level of P <0.05. The best results for the filtration and ingestion rates were obtained in the absence of light at room temperature of 27ºC, and salinity of 30gL-1. The second article aimed to evaluate the reproduction of the species in laboratory comparing the induction method of temperature variation, addition of microalgae and gametes into the water with the method of natural spawning, without application of stimuli. The results showed that the gonads were well developed before and after the period of maturation, considered mature. Spawning occurred in both treatments, but no significant difference according to the t test with significant differences at p <0.05 were found. But the best results were obtained at natural spawning during the handling of the shellfish in the maturation step or after the experiments. In this method obtained over 900 thousand eggs. These results can help to improve conditions for breeding and obtaining larvae in laboratory, and thus reduce production costs and improve technology to species.