Caracterização agronômica, variabilidade, correlações e repetibilidade em cultivares de Heliconia psittacorum e híbridos interespecíficos

Abstract

The tropical flowers and decorative plant agricultural trade has grown markedly in the country, mainly in species from heliconia gender. This research aimed to evaluate agricultural aspects, genetic variability, heritability, correlation and to estimate the reapetability coefficient as well as to indicate the main characteristics for the breeding of seven Heliconia psitacorum genotypes. The agronomical characters evaluated were: inflorescence emission days from shoot formation (DEI), shalft crop recess from de inflorescence emission (ICH); CICLO, period since perfilho emission until inflorescence crop (DEI+ICH), number of stem leaves in inflorescence period emission (NFH), floral stem mass (MH), stem diameter (DH), stem length (CH), inflorescence length (CI), number of inflorescence open bracts (NBA). The genotype show differences among agricultural characters variability average evaluated from 13 th and 30 th month after planting (MAP). DEI presented heritability 97,99%, genetic variability coeficient (CVG) 22,48% and CVg/CVe (b1) from 1,07. ICH presented the less heritability estimative(63,44%) following by the smaller CVg and b1 respectively 3,83% and 0,21 pointing little progress chance selection to this character. Only the characters ICH, CH and NBA presented the CVg lesser than CVe. Throughcorrelation analysis, we verified DEI didn´t present genotipic correlation with ICH, however, presented genotipic correlation with CICLO (0,94*). This fact indicates large effect from DEI in CICLO and genotips that present large period to inflorescence emission consequently they present biggest CICLO. Genetic correlation from DH with DEI (0,64*). CICLO (0,63*) and MH (0,96*), in general demonstrate genotips with bigger diameter in the shafts, present bigger fresh mass and time since shoot emission to inflorescence crop. Observed values indicate to be possible get immediate genetics gains in indirect selection to reduction of the CICLO from genetic indirect selection with smaller DEI. The main component technique showed that inflorescence length (CI), stem diameter (DH) and days for inflorescence emission (DEI) had 99,55% of total variation. Repetitivity coeficients estimated were varied between 0,06 (ICH) and 0,64 (CI). Repetitivity values above 0,52 to DEI, DH and CI , indicates environmental variety was less magnificent than genetic variety. Determined coeficients of all characters gained values up to 93,6%, except ICH and NBA.