Caracterização morfoagronômica e molecular de meios irmãos de Heliconia bihai L., H. chartacea Lane ex Barreiros e H. wagneriana Petersen

Abstract

The heliconias stand out as one of the species most appreciated by consumers due to its exoticity flowers, postharvest durability and beauty of the flowers, and showy bracts present with intense colors and contrasting. The study aimed to characterize 15 half-sib families of Heliconia bihai (HB), H. chartacea (HC) and H. Wagneriana (HW), morphological and molecular markers by ISSR. Obtained higher means in HC3, HB9 and HW20 for number of leaves (NL) and number of tillers (NP). For the limb length (CPL) the highest averages were obtained in HC4, HB9 and HW20. HC8, HB9 HW20 and reached the highest averages for maximum width of the lamina (LML) and HC7, HB9 and HW20 for plant height (APL). Considering the standard error for the morphological characteristics used in the last evaluation, it was found that among the half-sib families, HB14 obtained a higher value of NF, HB9 and HC4 obtained higher values of CPL, all the families of H. bihai and H. chartacea had the best average to LML and APL There was no difference between families. The morphological characteristics enabled the detection of genetic variability among and within half-sib families of the species H. bihai, H. chartacea cv. Sexy Scarlet and H. Wagneriana. The oligonucleotides used 4023 fragments generated by amplifying 3-7 bands by primer. The product of genetic similarity analysis with ISSR markers showed that the genotypes were grouped by species, and HB11(5) and HC5(8) the most divergent, polymorphism generated with ISSR markers showed genetic variability between and within families sib species H. bihai and H. chartacea cv. Sexy Scarlet evaluated, and detected the absence of genetic variability within the family half-sib genotypes of H. Wagneriana, leading to the assumption of high rate of selfing in this species.