Atividade do óleo essencial de frutos de Schinus terebinthifolius raddi (anacardiaceae) em Tetranychus urticae koch (Acari: Tetranychidae) e Rhyzopherta dominica fabricius (Coleoptera: Bostrichidae)

Abstract

The search for new biologically active compounds to arthropods seems to have an important role in integrated pest management. Schinus terebinthifolius, popularly known as pepper tree is a kind of abundance in Pernambuco and due to their biological properties is widely used in folk medicine. This study aimed to determine the chemical constituents of essential oils of ripe fruits (OORF) and unripe (OOUF) mastic and evaluate the potential acaricide and insecticide through lethal and sublethal effects on Tetranychus urticae and Rhyzopherta dominica . Analyzed by GC / MS revealed the limonene as the main constituent in both oils (OOUF = 44,1 ± 1,3%; OORF = 31,8 ± 1,2%). The residual contact and fumigant action of these oils on T. uticae revealed OOUF the most active in fumigation (LC50 = 1,46 μL / L of air), while OEFM was more active in the tests of the contact petri dishes closed and opened petri dishes (LC50 μL/L/cm² = 3,04) and did not differ statiscally from eugenol. These oils exhibited significant repellent activity against T. urticae compared with eugenol. For R. dominica fumigation test showed no statistical difference between the two oils, but both were more effective in the exposure period of 72h. Limonene the main constituent of OOUF and OORF, showed the same level of toxicity compared to the essential oils. Tests with blends prepared with the major and minor constituents of these oils indicated that limonene is the major contributor to toxicity obtained for OOUF and OORF. The OOUF was repellent to 25, 35 and 45 μL/2g) and the oil of OORF proved attractive in the lower concentration tested (15 μL/2g) and repellent at the highest (30 and 50 μL/2g).