Congelação do sêmen da espécie canina adicionado de antioxidantes

Abstract

Antioxidants act as protective agents of spermatozoa preventing the reactive oxygen species formation and consequent lipidic peroxidation rising the motility and the vigor and avoiding the damage provoked to the DNA. The aiming of this work was to study the effect of different concentrations of vitamin C and Trolox (water soluble analogue of vitamin E) on the viability of dog sperm cells submitted to the cryopreservation process. The Pool with the second semen fraction of four dogs, harvested through digital manipulation was supplemented with vitamin C and Trolox on the concentration of 200 X 106 sperm cells/dose, according to each group: Exp 1: G1= Tris- egg yolk (Control); G2 = Tris-egg yolk + 1200M of vitamin C; G3= Tris-egg yolk + 2400M of vitamin C; G4= Tris-egg yolk + 100M of Trolox e G5= Tris-egg yolk + 200M of Trolox; Exp 2: G1 = Tris-egg yolk (Control); G2 = Tris-egg yolk + vitamin C (1200M); G3 = Tris-egg yolk + Trolox (200M) and G4 = Tris-egg yolk + vitamin C (1200M) + Trolox (200M); Exp 3: G1 = Tris-egg yolk or Kenney (Control); G2 = Tris-egg yolk or Kenney + vitamin C (1200 M); G3= Tris-egg yolk or Kenney + Trolox (200 M); G4= Tris-egg yolk or Kenney + vitamin C (1200 M) + Trolox (200 M). The samples were frozen using two freezing curves (Curve 1 = -0,25oC/min until 5 oC, -15 oC/min until -5 oC, -10 oC/min until –120 oC; Curve 2 = -0,25 oC/min until 5 oC, -20 oC/min until -5 oC, -20 oC/min until –120 oC), being C1 on the 1, 2, and 3 Experiments and C2 on the 3 Experiment. The samples were stored in liquid nitrogen. After thawed, it was obshigher (P<0.05) among Control, vitamin C (1200M) and Trolox (200M) groups. The vigor, motility, acrosomal and DNA integrity, as well as the percentage of sperm cells stained with nitroblue tetrazolium were not different among experimental groups. On the Exp. 2, the spermatic motility after thawing did not differ among the groups or between the two freezing curves. On the C1, the group diluted with vitamin C + Trolox showed more acrosomal integrity, but on the C2 there was no difference among groups. The percentage of intact acrosome from curve 1, did not differ between the control group (G1) and with vitamin C (G2), but were inferior (P < 0,05) than the vitamin C + Trolox (G4), meanwhile in the Curve 2, there was no difference among the groups. Comparing the freezing curves, it was found a difference (P < 0,05) on the percentage of acrosome prevailed from G2 (vitamin C). Big percentages of sperm cells showed no oxidative stress or, when it occurred, it was concentrated in the middle section of the cells. On the Exp. 3, the sperm motility of the group diluted with Tris- egg yolk supplemented with vitamin C + Trolox were higher than the others. Higher percentage of the cells with intact acrosome were observed on the group supplemented with vitamin C + Trolox. Samples diluted with Kenney (no antioxidant) showed higher percentage of intact acrosome than the diluted on the Tris-egg yolk (no antioxidant). It was observed higher percentage of cells (P<0.05) with head and tail showing the formation of formazana ++ on the samples added with Trolox (G3) and diluted with Tris – egg yolk than those diluted in Kenney. It is concluded that vitamin C (1200M) and Trolox (200M) cab be used to freeze dog semen; The addition of vitamin C and Trolox in Tris – egg yolk diluted samples rise the viability of the spermatic cellserved on the Exp.1 that the frozen at -150 oC/min and -10 oC/min on the negative curves; the addition of vitamin C associated with Trolox minimize the deleterious effects of the cryopreservation of semen on the sperm acrosomal integrity on the diluted samples in Tris – egg yolk.