Aspectos clínico-epidemiológicos das alterações buco-dentais em caprinos criados nas mesorregiões metropolina de Recife, mata pernambucana e sertão pernambucano

Abstract

The Odontological Veterinary Medicine is one of the specialties that more grow in Brazil and in the world, being integrant and not dissociated part of the animal clinic. The accomplishment of this study had as main objective to identify and to characterize the buco-dental alterations of goat created in the Metropolitan Mesorregiões of Recife, Mata Pernambucana and Sertão Pernambucano. Additionally, one searched to introduce a clinical and epidemiological approach to the Odontological Veterinary Medicine, inserting it in a flock environment, directed to well-being of the animal in connection with the establishment of its productive function, and, consequently, the maintenance of the health of its flock of origin. The research was carried out in five properties of the Metropolitan Mesorregiões of Recife, Mata Pernambucana and Sertão Pernambucano, in the months between May and September of 2005, using 211 goats of diverse races and ages. For the intra-oral examination one used a mouth opener, especially confectioned for goat, and a luminous focus of head for better visualization of posterior teeth. The inspection was performed by tactile and visual form, in soft and hard tissues. Tooth by tooth was examined for the detection of alterations or discomfort for pressure in the act of the examination. Movements had been checked for laterality in order to evaluate the degree of dental mobility. All the findings had been written down in an appropriated paper-log. The examined population of goat presented high index of buco-dental abnormalities as: wear of the dental crown (99,5%), periodontal illness (9,5%), dental loss (6,2%), abscesses (6,2%) and extrusion (8,5%). The dental wear of the incisors in the incisal face reached 96,2 % (203/211) of the goat examined, being the variation of the degree of 2mm (42,2%) the 3/3 (5,7%) of the dental crown. The central incisors with V shaped mesial wear was observed in 3,3% of the goats examined. The dental wear of the posterior teeth, in the oclusal face, was identified in 52,1% of the examined goat. The biggest frequency observed has been in the dental wear, probably, due to the peculiarities of the implemented nutricional handling in different Mesorregiões studied. It was concluded that the knowledge of the oraldental abnormalities is crucial for the implementation of an adequate handling to the creation of goat. The nutritional and sanitary aspects are very important, since the productive performance is being multifactorial and it also depends on the oral health of the goat ones.