Caracterização do perfil clínico, laboratorial, citológico e histopatológico em cadelas portadoras de tumor da mama submetidas à mastectomia

Abstract

With the increase of life expectancy in dogs, mammary tumors have become an increasingly frequent disease seen in Veterinary Medicine. An early clinical approach is necessary so that therapy can be effective, provide a better quality of life and increase survival time. Faced with a high incidence rate, our objective was to characterize the clinical, laboratory, cytological and histopathological aspects of mammary tumors in bitches without predilection for a specific breed, age or size. Thirty-six bitches were studied, between August 2010 and March 2011. Medical history was obtained, and the dogs underwent physical examinations for a clinical classification of the cancer (TNMc); blood was collected for hemogram and biochemistry analysis; thoracic radiographs and abdominal ultrasound were performed; citology samples were collected with fine needle aspiration (CAAF) and histopathology samples collected after mastectomy for characterization of tumor type. These data were evaluated by filling out a clinical follow-up sheet for mammary tumors. All animals underwent mastectomy as treatment. Analysis of the sample showed a predominance of subjects with ages 6-10 years (55.5%), normal score (83.3%) with a mixed diet intake (55.5%). The majority (55.5%) of the bitches were nulliparous, with pseudocyesis (25%), tumors in inguinal glands (75%), in both sides of the midline, with multicentric nodules (77.8%), with a prevalence of nodules (27%) larger than 2cm in diameter, classified as carcinomas on citology, while on histopathology there was a higher prevalence of complex carcinomas (30.55%), showing severe anaplasia, anisokaryosis and anisocytosis.