Caracterização clínica e histológica da mucosa gengival bucal de cães (Canis familiares) portadores de doença periodontal

Abstract

Periodontal disease is clinical and histological characterized by the degradation of extracellular matrix components associated with a gingival infiltration of inflammatory cell populations. The purpose of the present study was to characterize the inflammatory stages in gingival epithelium of the first upper molar according to the number of cells (mono and polimorfonuclear), concentration of collagen fibers, vascularization and gingival thickness. Samples of free gingival of 21 dogs with different degrees of periodontal disease were collected, one fragment for each animal and compared in order to characterize the different stages of each sample through histological analysis of biopsy from marginal gingival epithelium. For a precise study and to compare each fragment and each portion of the fragment they were subdivided in three portions: I – coronal, II – medium, III – apical. The cuts were evaluated histologically by hemaxoxilin and eosin coloration and tricromic of gomori. Our results showed significant differences in the number of inflammatory cells of groups I, II and III according to severity of periodontal disease and suggests that its progression can be directly related with loss of collagen fibers and decrease in epithelium thickness. Observed in different stages of this disease. Finally quantitative evaluation of the fraction containing gingival collagen fibers may reflect severity in periodontal clinical disease.