Avaliação "in vitro" da atividade ectoparasiticida e anti-helmíntica da andiroba (Carapa guianensis Aubl.)

Abstract

This study was performed with the aim of to evaluate the “in vitro” acaricidal activity of the oil of the seed of andiroba against Boophilus microplus, Rhipicephalus sanguineus and Anocentor nitens; the biological activity of the third stage larvae (L3) of Musca domestica and the activity of the oil of the seed of andiroba on the larval culture of gastrointestinal nematodes of goat and sheep. The acaricidal activity in the related species of tick was carried by means of the engorged females immersion test, using groups of 10 engorged females with three repetitions for treatment; for the test with the third stage larvae (L3) of Musca domestica it had been formed four repetitions with 10 larvae for treatment. Strips of filter paper measuring 8.5 x 1.5cm (L x W) were soaked in 0.3ml of the solutions and controls, and next, they were introduced in test tubes, adding 1.30g of vermiculite, being the tubes closed with absorbent cotton. Daily observations were made for detection of mortality of larvae, formation of pupae and adults emergence. The activity of the oil of andiroba on larval culture of gastrointestinalnematodes was determined by the calculation of the percentages of reduction of infective larvae for gram of faeces, using three repetitions. For each experiment it had been used dilutions of 100%, 50%, 30%, 25% and 10% (T1, T2, T3, T4 and T5 respectively) of the oil of the seed of andiroba, using tween 80 as detergent. Two groups had been formed as controls, one with deionized water and another one with tween 80 + deionized water. For the test of reduction of gastrointestinal infective larvae of nematodes, another group was added as positive control (doramectina). The results showed effectiveness of 100% for all the dilutions tested in the three species of ticks. In the test with L3 of de M. domestica, eight days after the accomplishment of the test, it was observed in the 100% concentration 20.0% of larval mortality and 62.5% of inhibition of emergency of adults, values significantly higher than those got in the other treated groups.In the test of reduction of gastrointestinal infective larvae of nematodes, effective reduction (> 90%) was obtained for 100%, 50% and 30% treatments in goat, and for all the treatments for sheep.