Manejo da qualidade física de solos coesos em tabuleiro costeiro de Pernambuco

Abstract

The Coastal Plains cover of Rio de Janeiro to Amapá, this landscape unit has cohesive layers of impediment located near the soil surface that promote changes in the state of water in the soil, which reduces the availability of water to plants and interfere with the development of its root system. The cohesive character is the term applied to describe subsurface horizons that have a significant increase in the cohesion of its particles. Soils with the cohesive character have serious physical limitations, especially by the presence of horizons that have, when dry, a strong cohesion, restricting plant growth, but when wet, its structure becomes very unstable. The objective of this study was to evaluate the use of chemical conditioners in improving the physical quality of cohesive soils in the environment of the coastal Pernambuco, from physical and physical-hydric attributes trials. Opened a profile on acreage of cane sugar on the North Coast Plains Forest Zone and collected samples structured and unstructured the cohesive horizon. The samples were divided into three treatments T0 (control), T1 (polyacrylamide - PAM / 100 mg kg-1) and T2 (PAM + Gypsum-CaSO42H2O / 1,523 g L-1). The evaluated attributes were: Total porosity (macro, meso, micro and criptoporosidade); bulk density (Ds); water retention curve characteristic of the soil (CCRAS); soil resistance to root penetration (RP), limiting water range (LLWR). The mean physical parameters analyzed were subjected to analysis of variance (ANOVA) and the parameters that differ significantly was the Tukey test, using the SAS application. The embodiment of the toilet in soil contained in the soil core before or after application of conditioners do not affect the results of the bulk density (BD); The form of distribution of pores, showed changes in porosity in the soil under the action of conditioners; The penetration resistance was efficient attribute to evaluate the reduction of cohesion; The structural stability index was not conclusive for choosing the best treatment; The values of the IHO demonstrated the efficacy of this attribute, regarding the availability of water for the plants; Treatment with WFP increased the availability of water to plants.