Dependência espacial e comportamento físico e mecânico de um Argissolo de Tabuleiros Costeiros de Pernambuco

Abstract

In agriculture there is now great concern about the quality of the soil, because of this interfere with the full flowering of the cultures, where compaction is one of the most investigated due to their probability of occurrence in soils managed with farm implements. For this study, some parameters have provided good precision of soil quality, among them, the physical indices, organic carbon, soil mechanical resistance to penetration, tension precompaction and compressibility index. Thus, the purpose of this study was to analyze the physical, mechanical and chemical properties to indicate soil compaction and structure of spatial dependence into the area. It was selected an area of Cohesive Argissolo from Tabuleiro Costeiro, cultivated with cane sugar, from about 1.44 ha was established in which a square mesh of 49 points, evenly spaced 20 m apart, for the removal of soil for analysis. Samples were collected at two depths: 0.00 to 0.20 I 0.20 to 0.40 m. It was analyzed the soil texture, bulk density, water content, porosity, moisture content and maximum dry bulk density, both obtained by the Proctor Normal test, degree of compaction, organic carbon, resistance to penetration, compress index and tension precompaction, obeying Embrapa's or ABNT’s methodology for the analysis. The results were submitted to descriptive statistical analysis and Pearson correlation. Was also investigated the spatial dependence of variables by geostatistical tool, obtaining semivariogram and the maps of distribution of variables. Spatial dependence was found in all variables, whose scope ranged from 20.25 to 90 m away, indicating that some variables can be collected at longer distances, in case future research in the area. The moisture and soil texture showed a good correlation among themselves and with other variables. The document is divided into three chapters: the first presents a review of scientific research concerning the areas of Tabuleiros Costeiros, its characteristics and problems that this type of soil may suffer due to bad management, its consequences and methods of identification soil degradation. In chapter 2, was investigated the occurrence of spatial dependence of soil physical properties and organic carbon present in its structure. In chapter 3, the susceptibility of soil compaction was investigated using mechanical and physical attributes and subsequent correlation between data.