Prilocaína e lidocaína, administradas com a orientação do estimulador de nervo periférico, no bloqueio do plexo braquial, em cães

Abstract

Our objective was to verify if the combination of a peripheral nerve stimulator with prilocaine 3% or lidocaine 2% constitute effective techniques for brachial plexus block, while comparing the benefits and disadvantages of the two substances used. Thirty dogs were included in this research, obtained from the Veterinary Hospital at the UFRPE. All animals were evaluated as to proprioception, muscle relaxation, analgesia (dermatomes) and presence of reflexes. These evaluations were conducted before, during and after nerve block, until full recovery of all functions. Prilocaine was seen to be more effective for analgesia (mean time 109,61 minutes, standard deviation 23,84 minutes), as well as regarding muscle relaxation (mean time 120,61 minutes, standard deviation 23,97 minutes), while lidocaine was shown to be effective for analgesia (mean time 94,69 minutes, standard deviation 15,78 minutes), as well as in regards to muscle relaxation (mean time 106,76 minutes, standard deviation 15,98 minutes). Both were considered adequate for surgical procedures of the anterior limb. The use of the peripheral nerve stimulator to locate the plexus had an efficacy of 100% with prilocaine and 93,3% with lidocaine. We conclude that the use of prilocaine and lidocaine, administered with the help of a peripheral nerve stimulator for brachial plexus block is a technique that can be applied in dogs, resulting in an efficient anesthesia of the entire area of the anterior limb distal to the scapulohumeral joint, with less duration of the motor and sensitive latency and a greater efficacy when prilocaine is used.