Alternativas de captação pluvial e redução na evaporação para incremento de disponibilidade hídrica no semiárido pernambucano

Abstract

Aiming to evaluate materials that can reduce evaporation and apparatus for collecting rain water to increase water availability in arid and semiarid regions, two experiments were conducted: one located in the Station of Irrigated Agriculture Ibimirim / UFRPE with the use of a structure consisting of 20 tanks, arranged in a completely randomized design with five treatments and four replications, were evaluated screens with different colors (black, white, red, blue and silver) screens with different percentages of shading (no cover, cover with plastic wrap and screens 50, 70 and 80% shading) and percentage of surface coverage of PET bottles with water (0, 20, 40, 60 and 80%) and another located at the Experimental Station of Irrigated Agriculture Prof. Ronaldo Freire de Moura / UFRPE, using twelve structures to capture rain water in a completely randomized design with three treatments (0.0, 0.5 and 1.0 m high) and four replications, consisting of plastic, which examined water quality parameters (CE, OD, pH, Na, K, SST and Turbidez) and capture efficiency. The results obtained by the first experiment showed that the materials which most reduced evaporation were white screen with 64.6% reduction, the screens 70 and 80% shading with an average reduction of 66% and 80% area coverage surface of the tanks with PET bottles, with a 78% reduction of evaporation. The structures used by the second experiment showed no significant differences in the time of capture for the volume and quality of water abstracted. The structures showed an average efficiency of 83.8% capture.