Diagnóstico de micobacterioses e linfadenite caseosa em ovinos e caprinos no Leste alagoano

Abstract

Tuberculosis, paratuberculosis and caseous lymphadenitis are important granulomatous diseases that affect various animal species, including sheep and goats and determine major economic losses. These diseases have similar clinical and pathological characteristics and deserve further investigation and differentiated to facilitate its control. The objective was to study to diagnose the occurrence of granulomatous diseases such as tuberculosis, paratuberculosis and caseous lymphadenitis in sheep and goats slaughtered in a municipal slaughterhouse, State of Alagoas, Brazil. Two hundred animals had been slaughtered during four visits made to the slaughterhouse from 2009 to 2011. Among these two hundred animals, 39 sheep and 3 goats presented macroscopic lesions in several body tissues. Histopathological, immunohistochemistry and bacteriological exams were executed for diagnostic. Lesions in the gut compatible with alterations caused by Oesophagostomum sp. were found in the sheep and goats. All samples were negative in immunohistochemistry for Mycobacterium spp. In the bacteriological test, Corybacterium pseudotuberculosis was isolated from lung, lymph nodes, small and large gut of 18 sheep and from the large gut of one goat. Alterations of tuberculosis and paratuberculosis were not observed, however lesions of other economically important diseases were found, such as caseous lymphadenitis associated with alterations of oesophagostomiasis e fascioliasis. In the second studythe objective was to perform the tuberculin skin test in 275 sheep and 45 goats coming from four herds in three cities of Eastern Mesoregion of Alagoas state. We also applied a questionnaire to analyze the epidemiological profile of the properties studied. All goats were negative to the tuberculin skin test and two sheep (0.72%) were positive for two different properties (50%). Join the occurrence of tuberculosis in sheep in the state of Alagoas. Despite the lower frequency of cases there were a high number of outbreaks. This result indicates that one should intensify their efforts to control tuberculosis in these regions studied to prevent the spread of mycobacteria to other flocks of sheep and goats and similar epidemiological studies should be conducted in other regions of the state of Alagoas to investigate the occurrence of disease and your impact in sheep and goat herds.