Caracterização morfológica e agronômica de variedades de arroz-vermelho (Oryza sativa L.)

Abstract

Red rice belongs to the same species of traditional rice (Oryza sativa L.) and was introduced in Brazil in the seventeenth century, when it became widely consumed in the country. In Brazil, the central zone of semi-arid northeastern region stands out as producer and consumer. This particular rice, rich in proteins, minerals and vitamins B1, differs from the traditional white rice, among other things, the kernel color, shape and composition, as well as longer cycle, pubescence and low productivity, the latter being aggravated by low selection due to limited cultivation. Morphological characterization and agronomic varieties of red rice and used in existing germplasm collections and seed banks is an important tool to be used in future breeding programs. Thus, as the goal of breeding is to rescue, preserve and generate genetic variability for crop areas is important to have knowledge of the characters of cultivated varieties from morphological and agronomic. Based on this importance, the present study was to characterize six varieties of red rice (Vermelho, Cáqui, MNA PB 0405, MNA PB 0728, MNA RN 0802 e MNA RN 0803) through morphological and agronomic, to obtain information to assist in the selection of rice varieties Red-promising and better use of available germplasm. There was green leaf color, pubescence average limbo aurícolas of pale green, ligules colorless, erect flag leaf, straw-yellow color in the glumes, lemma and palea hairy, absence of awns and easy shattering, tall and panicle averages in all varieties, straw color of palea and lemma and apiculus grain, caryopsis red and half-elongated grains in most varieties. The varieties MNA PB 0728, MNA RN 0802 and Cáqui belong to the class of long grain, MNA PB 0405 to medium grain, while the varieties Vermelho and MNA RN 0803 to the class of mixed grains. The seeds of all varieties have translucent and chalky endosperm. The varieties MNA PB 0405, MNA RN 0802 and MNA RN 0803 were the varieties with high germination percentage. Only varietie MNA RN 0803 show germination above the minimum limits allowed.