Planejamento em empreendimento de agricultura irrigada visando à otimização do retorno financeiro e uso da água

Abstract

In the basin where the city of Garanhuns-PE is inserted, there are quantitative conflicts related to water resources, with potential claims over the availability. This fact makes relevant the need for proper planning of water use, especially with respect to irrigated agriculture. In recent years has increased the development and use of simulation models of water balance turned to agriculture to assist in the agricultural planning. The objective of this study was to determine the relative productivity and water balance of irrigated and rainfed conditions in micro-region of Garanhuhs, using modeling, for later use this information in agricultural planning. The study was conducted in the municipality of Garanhuns - PE, considering data from a rural property. The Computational Model for Decision Support and on Irrigation and Drainage (MCID) was used to determine the irrigation requirement (RIT) and relative productivity (YRT) in response to different management strategies for irrigation, taking into account technical and economic information of two perennial and six annual crops, time series of climate data, soil data, technical coefficients of production costs, different management of irrigation and of some rainfe crops. From the simulations it was found that the methods and irrigation management strategies used were effective in preventing drought in irrigated crops, which maximized the expression of crop yields and made null the risk related to this aspect. In terms ofrelative yield, irrigated crops banana, beans, passion fruit, corn, peppers, cabbage and tomato were optimized. The dryland crops had severe yield reduction due to water deficit. Higher values of standard deviation were observed in these crops, highlighting the uncertainties inherent in rainfed crops. Regarding the relative productivity of rainfed crops only the beans was financially viable.