Bradyrizobium e biofertilizantes de rochas com acidithiobacillus e gesso no feijão caupi em solos salinos sódicos

Abstract

A greenhouse experiment was carried out aiming to evaluate the effects of PK biofertilizers from phosphate and potash rocks on the development and nutrients uptake by cowpea grown in a sodic saline soil after the application of sulfur inoculated with Acidithiobacillus (S*) and gypsum (G) in different rates (0.8; 1.6; 2.4 and 3.2 t ha-1) and S*: G proportions (100:0; 75:25; 50:50; 25:75 and 100:0). A control treatment, without gypsum and sulfur, was added. Two months after application of the different treatments, were analyzed soil chemical attributes and then cowpea (cv. IPA 206) was grown with All plants were inoculated with rhizobia (strains NFB 516 + NFB 700). Plants of all treatments were fertilized with P and K biofertilizer produced from phosphate and potash rocks. After forty five days plants were harvest and determined in shoots: dry matter (DM), total P, total K and total Na, and in soil samples were analyzed pH, available P, available K andexchangeable Na. Sulfur with Acidithiobacillus reduced soil pH, especially when applied in the highest rates without gypsum. Furthermore, the application of the PK biofertilizer from rocks inoculated with Acidithiobacillus, promoted greater reduction in soil pH. Soil exchangeable Na was reduced, especially when applied the treatments S*: G equivalent to 25:75 and 50:50. In all amendment treatments PK rock biofertilizers increased cowpea shoot DM, total P, total K and total Na, and best results were observed in treatments S*: G equivalent to 25:75 and 50:50. Soil available P and K was higher when applied PK rockbiofertilizer. The results showed that the rock biofertilizer is an alternative to soluble fertilizers, especially in sodic soils